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UID:DSC-12131
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20180118T110000
SEQUENCE:1516347950
TRANSP:OPAQUE
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20180118T120000
URL:https://www.dresden-science-calendar.de/calendar/en/detail/12131
LOCATION:MPI-CBG\, Pfotenhauerstraße 10801307 Dresden
SUMMARY:Lancaster: Studying Human Brain Development and Evolution in Cerebr
 al Organoids
CLASS:PUBLIC
DESCRIPTION:Speaker: Madeline Lancaster\nInstitute of Speaker: MRC Laborato
 ry of Molecular Biology\, Cambridge\, UK\nTopics:\nBiologie\n Location:\n 
  Name: MPI-CBG (Auditorium (big half))\n  Street: Pfotenhauerstraße 108\n
   City: 01307 Dresden\n  Phone: +49 351 210-0\n  Fax: +49 351 210-2000\nDe
 scription: Human brain development exhibits a number of unique characteris
 tics\, such as dramatic size expansion and variation in relative abundance
  of specific neuron populations. Until very recently\, model organisms wer
 e the only experimental tools available to functionally examine brain deve
 lopmental mechanisms on the whole organ scale. This has obvious limitation
 s when it comes to human-specific features. In an effort to better underst
 and human brain development\, we developed a human model system\, called c
 erebral organoids. Cerebral organoids\, or “mini-brains”\, are 3D tiss
 ues generated from human pluripotent stem cells that allow modelling of br
 ain development in vitro. Through a process of directed differentiation an
 d a supportive 3D microenvironment\, neural precursor tissue can spontaneo
 usly self-organize to form the stereotypic organization of the early human
  embryonic brain. We were able to show that cerebral organoids can also mo
 del a neurodevelopmental disorder\, microcephaly\, characterised by a sign
 ificantly reduced brain size. This makes brain organoids particularly powe
 rful for not only examining human specific mechanisms\, but also pathogene
 sis of neurological disease.  We have now performed extensive characteriza
 tion of brain organoids and their potential uses\, as well as improvements
  to better control their differentiation. Current findings reveal the time
 d generation of excitatory neurons and inhibitory interneurons as well as 
 their proper migration and positioning. We are now using this system to pe
 rform the first functional tests of putative brain evolution genes in a hu
 man model system. These studies are revealing some interesting roles for t
 hese factors in regulation of human neurogenesis.
DTSTAMP:20260708T111914Z
CREATED:20161111T075450Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20180119T074550Z
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